Abstract Dimethylacetamide has been included in different extenders for the cryopreservation of semen from species with promising results. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of dimethylacetamide (DMA) in different concentrations, associated or not with glycerol (GLY), for the cryopreservation of ovine semen, and its effects on in vitro sperm parameters and post-thaw in vivo fertility. Five semen samples of five adult Santa Ines sheep (n=25) were used. The collected ejaculates were divided among the seven treatments for subsequent cryopreservation. The treatments presented different concentrations of DMA and GLY, being divided as G1: GLY 6%; G2: DMA 3%; G3: GLY 5% + DMA 1%; G4: GLY 4% + DMA 2%; G5: GLY 3% + DMA 3%; G6: GLY 2% + DMA 4%; G7: GLY 1% + DMA 5%. %. Post-thawing of the straws, aliquots were evaluated for computerized sperm kinetics (CASA) and plasma membrane integrity, using fluorescent probes and flow cytometry. After the in vitro evaluation of the sperm parameters, in vivo testing was performed by laparoscopic artificial insemination of 72 females. The post-thaw total motility (%) evaluated by CASA were 51.4, 51.4, 50.1, 53.6, 52.3, 52.8 and 46.9, respectively, for the seven groups. And the plasma membrane integrity (%) were 19.7, 28.4, 22.3, 29.4, 24.3, 17.9 and 16.9, respectively. There were no differences (P> 0.05) between the treatments for the parameters of spermatic kinetics and membrane integrity. For females inseminated with semen from the control group (G1, GLY6%), the percentage of pregnant females was 36.1%, a result similar to that obtained with G3 treatment (GLY5% + DMA1%). In conclusion, dimethylacetamide, either alone or in combination with glycerol, can be used for cryopreservation of ovine semen.

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito da utilização de dois ésteres de estradiol, sobre o Diâmetro do Folículo Ovulatório (DFOL) e taxa de gestação de fêmeas bovinas leiteiras submetidas a um programa de Inseminação Artificial em Tempo Fixo (IATF). Para tanto, 94 fêmeas mestiças Holandês-Gir foram submetidas ao seguinte protocolo hormonal, iniciado em um dia aleatório, D0, por meio da inserção de um dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona (P4) associado à 2mg de Benzoato de Estradiol (BE) via intramuscular (i.m.). No D8, os dispositivos foram removidos e administrados 500 µg de Cloprostenol sódico – prostaglandina – F2α e 300 UI de Gonadotrofina Coriônica equina (eCG) i.m. Neste momento, os animais foram divididos em dois grupos experimentais: 50 vacas foram alocadas no grupo Cipionato de Estradiol (CE) e receberam 1mg dessa substância via i.m., enquanto outras 44 receberam 1mg de BE i.m., 24 horas após a retirada dos dispositivos (D9), sendo chamadas grupo BE. No D10, foram realizadas as inseminações e, previamente a cada procedimento de IA, foi executada a mensuração do DFOL por meio de ultrassonografia transretal. O diagnóstico de gestação foi realizado 55 dias após as IATFs. Não houve diferença significativa entre as médias de DFOL encontradas para os grupos BE e CE sendo, respectivamente, 11,45 ± 2,34 e 10,71 ± 2,43mm. O grupo BE também apresentou um índice de gestação de 34,10%, semelhante ao grupo CE que foi de 40,00%. Conclui-se que o CE pode substituir o BE em protocolo de IATF em vacas leiteiras, representando uma alternativa para simplificar o protocolo de IATF.

SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using two estradiol esters, on the diameter of the ovulatory follicle (DFOL), and pregnancy rates of dairy cows submitted to FTAI program. Therefore, 94 females crossbred Dutch-Gir were subjected to the following hormone protocol started on a random day D0, by insertion of an intravaginal device of progesterone (P4) associated to 2.0 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) intramuscular (im). In D8, the devices were removed and 500 µg of sodium cloprostenol – prostaglandin – F2α was administered and 300 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) i.m. At this time the animals were divided in two groups: 50 cows were allocated to EC group and received 1 mg of estradiol cypionate i.m., while the other 44 received 1.0 mg of EB i.m. 24 hours after removal of the devices (D9), being called the BE Group. At D10, inseminations were carried out, and prior to each IA procedure were performed trans rectal ultrasonography to measure the DFOL. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 55 days after the FTAI. There was no significant difference between measurement of DFOL found for the BE and CE groups being, respectively, 11.45 ± 2.34 and 10.71 ± 2,43mm. The BE group also showed a 34.10% pregnancy rate, similar to the EC group which was 40.00%. It is concluded that CE can replace the BE in TAI protocol in dairy cows, representing an alternative to simplify the FTAI protocol.

O objetivo com este estudo foi avaliar a taxa de gestação de receptoras de embriões bovinos categorizadas de acordo com a qualidade do corpo lúteo (CL) e tratadas ou não com um análogo de GnRH (Fertirelina) no momento da inovulação. Somente os embriões viáveis foram selecionados para inovulação (1- excelente, 2- bom e 3- regular) e transferidos. Para tanto, 272 novilhas foram distribuídas em seis grupos: CL1-S/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL < 1,5cm² e não tratadas com GnRH, n =26); CL1-C/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL < 1,5cm² e tratadas com GnRH, n=29); CL2-S/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL entre 1,5 e 2,0cm² e não tratadas com GnRH, n =46); CL2-C/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL entre 1,5 e 2,0cm² e tratadas com GnRH, n=45); CL3-S/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL > 2,0cm² e não tratadas com GnRH, n=63); e CL3-C/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL > 2cm² e tratadas com GnRH, n=63). As taxas de gestação das receptoras de embrião em relação à qualidade do CL e a aplicação ou não do GnRH foram respectivamente, 43,31 e 41,38%, 56,52 e 46,67%, e 46,03 e 42,86% para CL1-S/GnRH e CL1-C/GnRH, CL2-S/GnRH e CL2-C/GnRH, e CL3-S/GnRH e CL3-C/GnRH. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre as variáveis avaliadas. Portanto, a administração do análogo de GnRH (Fertirelina) não elevou a taxa de gestação em receptoras de embriões bovinos, independente da qualidade do CL, demonstrando que esta estratégia não foi eficaz em incrementar os índices de fertilidade.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the pregnancy rate of bovine embryo recipients categorized according to quality of the corpus luteum (CL), treated or not with a GnRH analogue (Fertirelina) at the time of embryo transfer. Only viable embryos were selected for embryo transfer (1 - excellent, 2 - good, 3 - fair) and transferred. Therefore, 272 heifers were divided into six groups: CL1-S/GnRH (recipients with CL area < 1,5cm² and not treated with GnRH, n = 26); CL1-C/GnRH (recipients with CL area < 1,5cm² and treated with GnRH, n = 29); CL2-S/GnRH (recipients with CL area between 1,5 and 2,0cm² and not treated with GnRH, n = 46); CL2-C/GnRH (recipients with CL area between 1,5 and 2,0cm² and treated with GnRH, n = 45); CL3-S/GnRH (recipients witch CL area > 2cm² and not treated with GnRH, n = 63); and CL3-C/GnRH (recipients witch CL area > 2cm² and treated with GnRH, n = 63). Pregnancy rates of embryo recipients in relation to CL quality and the application or otherwise of GnRH were 43.31% and 41.38, 56.52 and 46.67%, 46.03 and 42.86% for CL1-S/GnRH and CL1-C/GnRH, CL2-S/GnRH and CL2-C/GnRH and CL3-S/GnRH and CL3-C/GnRH, respectively. Therefore, administration of GnRH analogue (Fertirelina) did not increase the pregnancy rate in bovine embryo recipients, independent of the quality of CL, demonstrating that this strategy is not effective in increasing fertility rates.